Evaluation of Antibacterial Activities of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Extracts Against Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Syringae in Citrus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65888/icraft.2.1.24Keywords:
Citriculture, Plant Extracts, Pseudomonas syringae pv.syringae, MICAbstract
Citriculture is one of the most important agricultural sectors worldwide, with citrus fruits being widely cultivated across various regions. However, plant diseases caused by a range of phytopathogens pose significant challenges to citrus production. Several bacterial pathogens are known to infect citrus crops, leading to substantial economic losses. The efficacy of current strategies for controlling bacterial diseases in citrus is limited. In this study, the antibacterial ac-tivities of aqueous extracts obtained from various medicinal and aromatic plants including Allium sativum, Eucalyptus sp., Myrtus communis L., Nerium oleander, Origanum onites, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis, Thymus vulgaris, Thymbra spicata L. subsp. spicata, and Zingiber officinale were evaluated against Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) tube dilution method. Among the tested plant extracts, A. sa-tivum, O. onites, T. vulgaris, and T. spicata L. subsp. spicata exhibited antibacterial activity at concentrations of 5.50 μl/ml, 8.25 μl/ml, >64 μl/ml and >128 μl/ml, respectively. These findings suggest that certain plant extracts hold promise for the development of novel, environmentally friendly pesticides for the control of bacterial diseases in citrus cultivation.
References
1. FAO. (2023). FAO Statistical Database. Food and Agri-culture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/
2. TUIK. (2023). Agricultural statistics. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/
3. Young, J. M., Dye, D. W., & Wilkie, J.. Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae: taxonomy, host range, and disease symptoms. Plant Pathology, 45(5), 1013–1023 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1996.tb02753.x
4. Kennelly, M. M., Cazorla, F. M., de Vicente, A., & Ramos, C.. Pseudomonas syringae diseases of fruit trees: progress toward understanding andcon-trol. Plant Disease, 91(1), 4–17(2007). https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-91-0004
5. Cazorla, F. M., Mercado-Blanco, J., Pérez-García, A., & Ramos, C.. Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and other bacterial pathogens in citrus: biology and control. Journal of Plant Pathology, 84(1), 1–12 (2002).
6. Balestra, G. M., Taccini, F., & Mazzaglia, A.. Pseudo-monas syringae pv. syringae infections in citrus: ep-idemiology and control strategies. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 48(1), 20–30 (2009).
7. Sundin, G. W., Bender, C. L., & Cooksey, D. A.. Genetic basis of copper resistance in Pseudomonas syringae and its impact on disease control. Phytopathology, 79(12) (1989), 1320–1325. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-79-1320
8. Cooksey, D. A.. Genetics of bactericide resistance in plant pathogenic bacteria. Annual Review of Phyto-pathology, 28(1), 201–219 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.28.090190.001221.
9. Balestra, G. M., Mazzaglia, A., & Credi, R.. Copper accu-mulation in soils after long-term use of copper-based bac-tericides in citrus orchards. Journal of Plant Pathology, 80(3) (1998), 219–224.
10. Marco, F., Balestra, G., & Credi, R.. Environmental im-pact of chemical control in citrus orchards: accumu-lation and persistence of copper. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 97(1–3) (2004), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EMAS.0000024894. 33732.a4
11. Lo Cantore, P., Iacobellis, N. S., De Marco, A., Capasso, F., & Senatore, F.. Antibacterial activity of essential oils from aromatic plants against phytopathogenic bacteria. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 39(5) (2004) , 380–384. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2004.01567.x
12. Iacobellis, N. S., Lo Cantore, P., Capasso, F., & Senatore, F.. Antibacterial activity of essential oils from Mediter-ranean aromatic plants against phytopathogenic bacteria. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 40(5) (2005), 363–368. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2005.01707.x
13. Karaman, I., Karaman, S., & Onay, A.. Antimicrobial ac-tivity of selected medicinal plants against phytopatho-genic bacteria. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture,
I-CRAFT Agricultural and Food Technologies, ISSN: 3062-3235 33(2) (2017), 111–123.
https://doi.org/10.1080/01448765.2016.1257510
14. Burt, S.. Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods—a review. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 94(3) (2004), 223–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.03.022
15. Kalemba, D., & Kunicka, A.. Antibacterial and antifun-gal properties of essential oils. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 10(10) (2003), 813–829. https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867033457719
16. Kozak, S. & Erkılıç, A., Bazı Bitki ekstraktlarının Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae Üzerine Etkile-rinin Belirlenmesi. Türkiye V. Bitki Koruma Kongresi, 3-5 Şubat 2014 2014), Antalya, 237s.
17. Mirik, M. & Aysan Y.,. Tohum Kökenli Xanthomonas cmpestris pv. vesicatoria Üzerine Çeşitli Bitki Ekstraktlarının Etkisi. Türkiye I.Tohumculuk Kon-gresi,11-13 Eylül 2002 (2002), İzmir. 333-338s.
18. Balestra, G.M., Heydari, A., Ceccarelli, D., Ovidi, E., & Quattrucci, A.,. Antibacterial Effect of Allium sativum and Ficus carica Extracts on Tomato Bacterial Patho-gens. Crop Protection, 28 (2009): 807-811p.
19. Kotan, R., Dadasoglu, F., Kordali, S., Cakır, A., Dikbas, N., & Cakmakcı, R.,. Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils Extracted From Some Medicinal Plants, Carvacrol and Thymol on Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria (Doidge) dye Causes Bacterial Spot Disease on Pepper and Tomato. Journal of Agricultural Technology 3(2) (2007): 299-306p.
20. Kamba, A.S, & Hassan, G.L., Phytochemical And Mi-crobial Screening of Parkinsonıa aculeata L. Leaves. In-ternational Journal of Drug Development & Research, 2(2010): 1p.
21. Murthy. K.N., Uzma, F., Soumya. K., & Srinivas, C., (2015). Antibacterial Activity of Neem (Azadirachta in-dica) Plant Extracts against Bacterial Wilt of Tomato Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. International Jour-nal of Research in Agricultural Sciences, 2, (5): 2348–3997p.
22. Faydaoğlu, E. ve Yücel M.R.. Geleneksel Tedavide Sarımsak (Allium sativum) Önemi ve Kullanım Alanları, II. Tıbbi ve Aromatik Bitkiler Sempozyumu, 23-25 Eylül 2014, 153.
23. Ganiyu, A.S., Popoola, A.R., Owolade, O.F., and Fatona, K.A., 2017. Control of Common Bacterial Blight Disease of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) with Certain Plant Extracts in Abeokuta, Nigeria. Journal of Crop Im-provement, 31:3, 280-288.
24. Jeyaseelan, E.C., Pathmanathan, M.K. and Jeyadevan J.P.,. Inhibitory Effect of Different Solvent Extracts of Vitex negundo L. and Allium sativum L. on Phytopatho-genic Bacteria. Archives of Applied Science Research, 3 (1) 2011: 1-8p.
25. Karabüyük F., Aysan Y., "Antibacterial Effects of Some Plant Extracts against Tomato Bacterial Speck Disease Caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato", Journal Of Tekirdag Agriculture Faculty, cilt.16, sa.2, ss.231-243, 2019
26. Kotan, R., Cakir, A., Ozer, H., Kordali, S., Cakmakci, R., Dadasoglu, F., Dikbas, N., Aydın, T., and Kazaz, C., An-tibacterial Effects of Origanum onites against Phytopath-
ogenic Bacteria: Possible Use of The Extracts from Pro-tection of Disease Caused by Some Phytopathogenic Bacteria. Scientia Horticulturae, 172(2014) : 201-220.
27. Karabüyük F., Aysan Y., "Antibacterial Effects of Some Plant Extracts against Tomato Bacterial Speck Disease Caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato", Journal Of Tekirdag Agriculture Faculty, cilt.16, sa.2, ss.231-243, 2019
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Agricultural and Food Technologies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This license permits anyone to copy, redistribute, remix, transmit and adapt the work provided the original work and source is appropriately cited.
